What aspects of roman society remained similar from republic to empire?

its Government
There are several characteristics that define the Roman rule. Firstly they were the most powerful people during their time. They were very good fighters. They fought to expand their territory. They were also seen to have cheated in some cases like the making of roads. They were a bit narrow minded and that was the reason why they did not have any allies for a long time. Romans believed in ruling over the whole world and so every other community were afraid of them. The Romans were not only rich, but they were capable of building huge monuments and structures that were awe inspiring considering the time. They were technologically advanced than the others.   

The Senate was the Roman Republic's primary ruling body. The Roman Republic was headed by two consuls. A consul can be thought of as a state president of a country. These consuls were elected by the Roman citizens. After the consuls were elected and took office, they were advised by the Senate. The Senate was made up of a group of magistrates. A magistrate is a person responsible for administering the law. His role and function is very similar to that of a judge.

The answer to your question would be b