How have developed western countries affected non-western developing nations during the modern period? explain how three political, economic, and/or cultural approaches by european and other western countries shaped the developing world over the last 250 years. use evidence and examples from the course to support your ideas and opinions. (whole semester/all units)

1) Colonialism. 
In existence since the beginning of the Modern Period, and still today in more limited forms, colonialism was the key driver of interaction between European Powers and the developing world. 250 years ago, much of the developing world had a colonial relationship with a Western Power. This relationship not only meant a lack of autonomy for these societies, and an exploitation of their resources, but also a dependence on the colonizing power for security, economic stability, and governance. As the Western Powers have left, this has created instability in many of these countries due to the power vacuum that followed. 

Foreign Aid
Since WWII, a popular way of "helping" the developing world, much of it made up of newly independent post-colonial countries, is to give free aid and low-interest loans for development. These loans often come with an implied condition of loyalty to the West-dominant international order, and an agreement on foreign policy issues. Much of this aid money is wasted by corruption, poor allocation, and little transparency. 

War
In the last hundred years, powerful Western Nations, with the brief exceptions of the two World Wars, usually find themselves at war with developing countries, rather than other Western Powers. Example include Korea (which at the time was a developing country), Vietnam, Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Philippines. These countries are often former colonies, either of their aggressors or some other Western Power. Ironically, these wars are very rarely won conclusively by the more powerful, occupying nation. 

Ibelieve the correct answer is d.