How were america's industrial cities different from the typical city before 1860?

Prior to the 1860s, cities were built for finance and commerce, not for industry. Following the Civil War, industry was added to the reasons for cities. Trolley cars were invented along with underground railways in Boston. Business owners began to invest in things like skyscrapers and with the advent of electricity came lights to make stores more attractive and usable as well as elevators.

What effect did the development of trade have on settlement patterns in medieval times