What reason did madison give congress for declaring war in 1812? seizure of american ships and sailors seizure of washington, d. c. attack on new orleans predatory english trade practices?

Seizure of American ships and sailors is the correct answer.

Explanation:

The war of 1812 was the conflict between UK and US , it lasted from June 1812 to February 1815. Seizure of American ships by the British to stop US from trading with France  (British enemy) was the reason of the War. Initially American army suffered defeat at the hands of Canadian, Native American and British soldiers but they were able to repulse the attacks. It ended with the treaty of Ghent on February 17, 1815.

b. ensure mutual protection from communism.

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(d) he had been a leader of the sons of liberty.