All of the following were accomplishments of reconstruction in the south except: a. southern railroads were expanded and repaired. b. republican governments set up hospitals, asylums, and orphanages. c. elected black officials tried to abridge the rights of their former slave owners. d. republican governments supported the freedmen's bureau.

C. Elected black officials tried to abridge the rights of their former slave owners.

Explanation:

The Reconstruction period was the historical period that followed the Civil War in the United States. During this period, the main purpose of the government was to rebuild the country after the war, and unite the North and the South. The government was also focused in trying to integrate former slaves into mainstream society. Although many goals were achieved, the gains were limited by the backlash that many of these policies received in the South.

answer: secession

secession, as it applies to the outbreak of the american civil war, comprises the series of events that began on december 20, 1860, and extended through june 8 of the next year when eleven states in the lower and upper south severed their ties with the union. the first seven seceding states of the lower south set up a provisional government at montgomery, alabama. after hostilities began at fort sumter in charleston harbor on april 12, 1861, the border states of virginia, arkansas, tennessee, and north carolina joined the new government, which then moved its capital to richmond, virginia. the union was thus divided approximately on geographic lines. twenty-one northern and border states retained the style and title of the united states, while the eleven slave states adopted the nomenclature of the confederate states of america.

explanation: