Which of these would have had the greatest impact on urban sprawl at the end of the nineteenth century? a) invention of the elevator b) availability of light bulbs reactivate c) a lack of industrial capital in urban areas d) streetcars carried people to the edge of big cities

abraham lincoln was the president of usa and he had asked the audience to make a pledge on equality.

his pledge was:

“it is my earnest desire to know the will of the providence.”

lincoln also had hatred for people who condoned and practiced slavery and so he pledged:

""and if i can learnt what it is i can do it"" this is another pledge by abraham to reassure the congregation on how to deal with the providence will.

explanation:

hope this !

d) in the state of iowa