What advantage did mamluk horses have over mongol horses?

They were fitted with horseshoes.

Explanation:

The Mongol Empire covered vast lands, and the Mongols themselves were known as  fierce and ruthless warriors. In 1258, when the Mongol troops of Hulagu Khan invaded Syria, Egyptian Sultan Qutuz led the Mamluk army (made up of non-Muslim slave soldiers) against the Mongols.

b.provides a written record of the transaction

b.

explanation:

he is racist

"oh, lets coppy china and build a great wall around bla bla bla.that way,we wont lose out to other countries." in the end, he did not build anything