About reform communities, often called utopian communities, were established in the united states during the first half of the nineteenth century.

The answer is 500 reform communities. 

Cherokee  removal, part of the trail of tears, refers to the  forced  relocation between 1836 and 1839 of thecherokee  nation from  their lands ingeorgia, south carolina, north carolina, tennessee, texas, and alabama to the indian territory (present day oklahoma)  in  the thenwestern united states, and the resultant deaths