8. what was the name given to the banning of alcoholic beverages?

Prohibition

In 1917, the US Congress passed the 18th Amendment, prohibiting the manufacture, transportation and sale of intoxicating beverages. The 18th Amendment was ratified in 1919. But enforcing Prohibition proved to be exceedingly difficult. As one observer at the time said, """I have noticed that every attempt to legislate morals into the people has resulted in disaster." By 1933, Congress passed and the states ratified the 21st Amendment, which repealed the 18th Amendment and ended the Prohibition Era.

the tariff was created to protect industry in the northern part of the united states. industries in the north were being driven out of business by imported goods that were priced at a low rate. the goal was to protect these industries   by taxing the goods.