Why did the ancient egyptians settle along the nile river and what did the river provide for them?

     The first settlements in the Nile Valley began around 7,000 years ago. Hunters and gatherers moved to the Nile Valley from less fertile areas in Africa and southwest Asia. As in other parts of the world, these settlements gradually developed into more and more complex societies. Most Egyptians lived near the Nile as it provided water, food, transportation and excellent, fertile soil for growing food. Ancient Egypt could not have existed without the river Nile. Since rainfall is almost non-existent in Egypt, the floods provided the only source of moisture to sustain crops.
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