During world war i, which of the following to compensate for heavy combat losses of officers?

The improvement of NCO training .

Non-commissioned officer (NCO) is a soldier who has a fairly low rank such as sergeant or corporal.  They are the primary and most visible leaders for most military personnel. Noncommissioned officers, specifically corporals, who were the primary trainers at the time, began training Soldiers. When the war ended, NCOs had trained 4 million men

pan-africanism or pan-africanism is a political, philosophical, cultural and social movement that promotes african twinning, the defense of the rights of african people and the unity of africa under a single sovereign state, for all africans, both africa as of the african diasporas.