Why did pope pius v excommunicate queen elizabeth i in 1570? the pope deemed her a heretic because she declared the church of england independent of vatican authority. the pope declared her a heretic because she sided with charles v to form the schmalkaldic league. the pope declared her a heretic because she invaded france and spain, allies of the catholic church. the pope declared her a heretic because she refused to send english troops to aid rome when it was sacked by spanish marauders.

Which of the following scenarios illustrates the cultural impact of expanded regional trade for postclassical civilizations? o a. the byzantine empire rises in place of the roman empire. o b. an islamic scholar attends a university in his hometown. o c. internal disputes weaken a large african empire. o d. an arabian sultan wears a robe made from chinese silk.

During andrew johnson’s presidency, the radical republicans gained control over policymaking in congress. they had enough power to override any presidential veto. how did the radical republicans use this opportunity? a. they blocked johnson’s weak reconstruction policies by taking charge of the reconstruction plan. b. they extended their support to johnson’s policies for reconstruction of the south. c. they removed johnson from office and took over the task of reconstructing the south. d. they removed all former confederates from office and stopped the south from rejoining the union.

The conclusions presented in this article are based primarily on