The term "pax romana" refers to the period of peace and prosperity during the first two centuries of the roman empire civil wars between roman generals which destroyed the republic democratic government following the abolition of the senate slave revolts which weakened the republic

for starters, there is the structural trend of rising primary government expenditure as a share of gdp, which reached 36% in 2014, up from 22% in 1991. this increase reflected a political desire to address the poverty and inequality that had gone unaddressed during previous decades. to support the increase, brazil’s government increased taxes on consumption and promoted progress toward labor-market formalization. nonetheless, public investment, particularly in infrastructure, took a hit. in fact, with the exception of the 2005-2008 period, total investment as a share of gdp has remained below 20% since 1991.

the growing interconnectedness of the world through communication, trade, and the exchange of ideas is an important theme in the history of the 20th and 21st centuries.

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