This phrase was included in the preamble to the constitution to ensure a military that could protect our country. “secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity” “insure domestic tranquility” “provide for the common defence” “establish justice”

norsemen from northern countries had made earlier journeys

option d is correct. corroborated sources of historical evidence   is necessary to validate a claim about an event in history.

historians tend to use written sources, but audio and visual materials as well as artifacts are important objects that supply information to modern historians.

historical sources are usually divided into two categories: primary and secondary sources. depending on the historian's intent, some sources shift their designation. determining what type of sources toimplement, and the level of credibility and reliability of those sources, is a significant step in critical thinking for the historian.

explanation: