The philosophical founder of the constitution's ideas of separation of powers was

 Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu was the pioneer and author of “The Spirit of the Laws”, a treatise of political theories published in 1748.
In this he presented arguments for a constitutional government and proposed three branches for that. The idea was for all of these three to have specialized powers which will have the check and balance of other branches to avoid any misuse of power.

i confess that there are several parts of this constitution which i do not at present approve, but i am not sure i shall never approve them: for having lived long, i have experienced many instances of being obliged by better information or fuller consideration, to change opinions even on important subjects, which i once thought right, but found to be otherwise. it is therefore that the older i grow, the more apt i am to doubt my own judgment, and to pay more respect to the judgment of others.

the han greatly expands the chinese empire. the han dynasty retains the centralized bureaucracy and unified political system of the qin but adopts and grafts upon this the confucian view that government should be run by educated, ethical men.

explanation: