After reclaiming much of the iberian led the way in expanding urther contact from within the early zones of afro-eurasia
a. india; china
b. portugal; spain
c. england; france
d. the netherlands ; germany

codfish influenced the yankee trade because they traded it with the americans and the americans traded livestock, molasses and stuff that they can make clothes out of (like wool, and leather). they also could make weapons to.

pan-africanism or pan-africanism is a political, philosophical, cultural and social movement that promotes african twinning, the defense of the rights of african people and the unity of africa under a single sovereign state, for all africans, both africa as of the african diasporas.