What caused christendom to be a troubled realm at the end of the middle ages?

What words did the pilgrims use to describe the new law

Which act of the conquistador pizarro was crucial in overthrowing the inca? a. the destruction of the ancient inca city, machu picchu b. the siege of the inca capital near the cuzco valley c. the execution of the last inca ruler, atahualpa d. the unexpected deaths of 3 million inca warriors e. the murder of former inca emperor, huascar

How did the protestant reformation and scientific revolution advance individualism and liberal reforms?