Use the timeline below to answer the following question: which of these events happened before the u. s. constitution was adopted?

the right choice would be a. culture within the city-state. c. loyalty to the police. d separation by land and sea.

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".