What was being challenged throughout the world and what was the United States doing to fix the situation?

I only know about Kennedy and here it is;

Explanation:

In the early 1960s, President Kennedy faced a number of troubling situations in his own hemisphere. The Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961 and the Cuban missile crisis the following year seemed to prove that the real communist threat now lay in the unstable, postcolonial “Third World.”

the answer to your question is ( syngman rhee) have a great day

b) new machinery hope i