What caused the Alien and Sedition Acts?

The Federalists believed that Democratic-Republican criticism of Federalist policies was disloyal and feared that aliens living in the United States would sympathize with the French during a war. As a result, a Federalist-controlled Congress passed four laws, known collectively as the Alien and Sedition Acts.

Explanation:

The Federalists considered Democratic-Republican criticism of Federalist policy to be disloyal, and they feared that aliens living in the United States would sympathize with the French in the event of a war. As a response, a Federalist-controlled Congress enacted the Alien and Sedition Acts, which are known as the Alien and Sedition Acts jointly.

Explanation:

hello! : )

i think a judge or jury, as they preside over the court and is the central figure in a trial.

hope this and i hope i answered in time!

good luck!

~ destiny ^_^