Panuto: Isulat ang balita o impormasyong napakinggan sa gitnang kahon at isulat ang ibang detalye sa 4 na kahon na nasa gilid.

It developed as a reaction to the impact of european colonialism in africa on peoples of african descent. in the  mid-20th century, activists in africa adopted pan-africanism as a rallying cry for independence from colonial rule. some african pan-africanists sought to unite the continent as one independenthope it was useful

Starvation, debt, financial downfall.