how did philosophers challenge traditional governmental structures (monarchies)? Was it positive or negative? Why?

The quote below is an excerpt from the charter of the united nations: "the purposes of the united nations are: to maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace . " source:this section implies that the united nations is prepared to do what to keep world peace?

What affected the second industrial revolution have on transportation

How is an objective summary different from an argumentative essay? o a. a summary should remain neutral, but an argumentative essay should promote a certain viewpoint. o b. a summary should use direct quotations, but an argumentative essay should paraphrase evidence. o c. a summary should include a works-cited list, but an argumentative essay should not cite others' work. o d. a summary should focus on a thesis, but an argumentative essay should address many different topics.