How did apartheid start​

After the National Party gained power in South Africa in 1948, its all-white government immediately began enforcing existing policies of racial segregation. Under apartheid, nonwhite South Africans (a majority of the population) would be forced to live in separate areas from whites and use separate public facilities

Explanation:

After the National Party gained power in South Africa in 1948, its all-white government immediately began enforcing existing policies of racial segregation. Under apartheid, nonwhite South Africans (a majority of the population) would be forced to live in separate areas from whites and use separate public facilities.

labor leaders and organizations had the power to demand it.

explanation:

workers got a five-day workweek because the bcea protects and respect the rights of the employees. labor leaders and other groups demanded it.