Essay #1 – How have Western nations impacted the development of non-Western nations? Provide three events in detail—one from the nineteenth century, one from the twentieth century, and one from the twenty-first century—to support your answer. Then explain the extent to which Western nations bear responsibility for economic, political, and social challenges faced by non-Western nations today. Use evidence and examples from the semester to support your ideas and opinions.

Essay #2 – Analyze one cause and one effect of the rise of Islamic fundamentalism in the Middle East since World War II.