Explain what the Mandate of Heaven was and how the ancient Chinese used it to justify rebellion
against their rulers. (4 Points)

b.   jim crow laws were enacted in northern states.

ghana achieved independence peacefully, while algeria gained independence through an armed struggle.

this scroll was the first major biblical manuscript of great antiquity ever to be recovered. the qumran isaiah scroll predated the oldest hebrew text preserved in the masoretic hebrew bible by a millennium.