During the 1940s and 1950s, American public life was dominated by debates about and fears over

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Ithink it is oesteoprosis

This concept of fate became the new meaning of "ming." so the idea of "tian ming," the mandate of heaven, was first used by the kings of the  zhou dynasty,  who  justified their overthrow of the shang by saying that heaven had punished the shang for immorality and transferred its favor to the  zhou.