What were grandfather clauses, poll taxes, and literacy tests intended to do?

Poll taxes, literacy tests, fraud and intimidation all turned African Americans away from the polls. Until the Supreme Court struck it down in 1915, many states used the "grandfather clause " to keep descendents of slaves out of elections i hope this helps can i get brainiest please

Explanation:

the answer is hope this you.

i believe that the correct answer is a canadian hero.

explanation: he is celebrated as a national hero in canada for successfully thwarting a united states takeover of canada during the war of 1812.