What was a major cause for the shift in european
trade from the mediterranean sea to the atlantic
ocean during the late 140os?
(1) ottoman turks seized control of
constantinople.
(2) the ming dynasty authorized zheng he to
make long-distance voyages.
(3) the tokugawa shogunate adopted an
isolationist policy.
(4) christian crusaders captured jerusalem.

on this day in 1913, henry ford installs the first moving assembly line for the mass production of an entire automobile. his innovation reduced the time it took to build a car from more than 12 hours to two hours and 30 minutes.

abraham lincoln, according to anyone who was connected with agriculture, represented the worst of northern politicians. shortly after lincoln was elected, south carolina seceded from the union. they along with other southern states, retained their anger. in a way, it was their own fault: the democrats were split in the south. some wanted slavery to be extended in other states that were about to join the union and some didn't want it badly enough. lincoln had a solid backing from his party: the republicans were united in not wanting slavery to be expanded.