What tool does the federal reserve use to influence the volume of money in the economy by buying and selling government securities?
a. personal income tax
b. reserve requirement
c. loose-money policy
d. open-market operations

The correct answer is D.

Open market operations are the main instrument used by the Federal Reserve to execute the monetary policy of the US. They consist on the sale or purchase of goverment securities to/from the banking system.

When he Fed sells securities from the federal goverment or its related agencies, it collects money from the banking system that is removed from circulation and the money supply is reduced. On the other hand, if the Fed buys the securities, the money that it pays for them is pumped into the economy, increasing the money supply or amount of money in circulation.

urbanities in the northeast and midwest lost political power.

saint genesius of rome was an actor, a comedian. according to the legend, he decided to fake his baptism, as in a play, before emperor diocletian. it is said that in the middle of his "baptism" -by a fake priest-, a miracle occurred when water came in contact with him, he really turned into a christian, a real one, and because of this he was tortured and executed. his own relics are allegedly held in the church of several churches in rome, namely: san giovanni della pigna, santa susanna di termini, and st. lawrence.