The period of reconstruction began
a) immediately following the antebellum period
b) with the passage of the thirteenth amendment
c) with the closure of the freedmens bureau
d) immediately following the fall of richmond

the answer is B with the passage of the thirteenth amendment

Explanation:The period after the Civil War, 1865 - 1877, was called the Reconstruction period.  Abraham Lincoln started planning for the reconstruction of the South during the Civil War as Union soldiers occupied huge areas of the South.  He wanted to bring the Nation back together as quickly  as possible and in December 1863 he offered his plan for Reconstruction which required that the States new constitutions prohibit slavery.

In January 1865, Congress proposed an amendment to the Constitution which would abolish slavery in the United States.  On December 18, 1865, Congress ratified the Thirteenth Amendment formally abolishing slavery.

B) With the passage of the thirteenth Amendment

Explanation: The period after the Civil War, 1865 - 1877, was called the Reconstruction period. Abraham Lincoln started planning for the reconstruction of the South during the Civil War as Union soldiers occupied huge areas of the South

a phrase from a poem by ralph waldo emerson about the battle of lexington and concord. emerson's words read, “here once the embattled farmers stood / and fired the shot heard round the world.”

i guess so you did not explain the answer clearly so i can't