The consisted of eighteenth century philosophers like john locke, thomas hobbes, and jean-jacques rousseau arguing that government exists by the “consent of the governed.”

The Age of Enlightenment consisted of eighteenth century philosophers like John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau arguing that government exists by the "consent of the governed".

Explanation:

This era is also known as "The Age of Reason" because "thinkers" started to use their reason to describe the nature of things, especially that of government, and NOT religion. They advocated ideals such as liberty, separation of church and state, and constitutional government. John Locke was a famous Enlightenment philosopher that undermined the authority of the monarchy and stated that people had the right to form their own government and enforce their own laws ("consent of the people"). These ideas paved the way for the 18th and 19th century revolutions, such as the American Revolution, granting individuals their independence.  

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the key difference between a democracy and a republic lies in the limits placed on government by the law, which has implications for minority rights. both forms of government tend to use a representational system — i.e., citizens vote to elect politicians to represent their interests and form the government.

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