What term used in the 1800s means “abstention from alcoholic beverages”?

The term used in the 1800s that means "abstention from alcoholic beverages" is temperance.

Explanation:

Temperance movements usually criticize excessive alcohol consumption, promote full abstemiousness, or use their political influence to pressure the government to pass alcohol laws to regulate alcohol availability, or even its complete ban.

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the  seven  days  battles  were  a series of seven battles over seven  days from june 25 to july 1, 1862, near richmond, virginia,  during  the american civil war. the  seven  days ended with mcclellan's army in relative safety next to the james river, having suffered almost 16,000 casualtiesduring  the retreat.