How were conflicts between white southerners and african-american freedmen resolved during the reconstruction era (1865-1877)?

white southerners tightly controlled african-american movements through state laws known as the “black codes.”

every african-american family was given 40 acres of land and a mule as compensation for the work they had earlier performed as slaves.

the union army occupied the south to ensure that african-american freedmen enjoyed their full civil and political rights.

african americans failed to vote in large numbers because they were prevented from doing so by southern state governments.

pls