How did european colonialism lay the groundwork for the emergence of the modern middle east

The establishment of columbia as the state capital was important because a) it was located in the heart of the upcountry. b) it was located in the heart of the low-country. c) it was already established as a vital industrial center. d) it represented a compromise location central to most citizens.

If f(x) = 3x + 2 and g(x) = 2x - 2. what is (f - g)(x)?

Put the expeditions of exploration into their correct chronological order