Why did people think czar nicholas of russia started ww1

The only reason id think people would assume he did was because of his attempts to expand his territory and his complications with Japan.
(Japan had attacked Russia because of railroad construction which threatened  Japan and caused them to attack, eventually beating Russia at the Battle of Tsushima which decimated Russia's naval fleet.)
people thinking that that event caused total war but in actuality it caused the signing of peace negotiations.

What effect did the development of trade have on settlement patterns in medieval times

A: manufactured goods