What were the causes and results of the crusades of the late 11th-13th century? ?

Read the excerpt from the history of herodotus, book 2. egypt . . is an acquired country, the gift of the river. this quotation from herodotus, a greek who traveled in egypt, is about how the nile river enabled ancient egyptian civilization to develop and succeed. what specifically was the river’s gift? fertile soil fishing stocks defensive capabilities drinking water

In an industry in which there are several providers of a type of good, why can one business not charge much higher prices for their goods?

What is the level of government responsible for things like police and fire, protection, and is led by a mayor or council?