Which development resulted in the spread of disease and increased mortality rates during the industrial revolution?
a. emigration to the united states
b. overcrowding in cities
c. increased division between social classes
d. development of pasteurization

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

1.a)britain

2.b)spain

3.c)french

4.d)portugal

explanation: