Which european country established colonial rule in parts of south america?

a. england
b. portugal
c. italy
d. france

The correct answer is B) Portugal.

The European country that established colonial rule in parts of South America was Portugal.

It was the Portuguese that established colonial rule in parts of South America, as well as Spain,  did. France and Britain established colonies in North America. The British, the 13 colonies of what later would be the United States, and the French, in some regions of what today is Canada. As a powerful European country, Portugal was in the 15th century, it colonized territories in South America like Brazil, Uruguay, and parts of Venezuela.