How did the crusades contribute to the end of the middle ages? a. by disrupting trade between europe and asia. b. by granting greater power to the church in europe. c. by increasing european contact with peoples from other lands. d. by undermining the authority of european monarchies.

Crusades' contribution to the end of the Middle Ages was by undermining the authority of European monarchies. (d)

Further Explanations:

The era of middle age is marked by the demise of the Western Roman Empire with the merger of Renaissance and Age of Discovery. The demise of the “Western Roman Empire” was the initiation of the demise of the empire after failing to administer its rule in its territories. The territories got alienated into polities after the empire lost its strength and tolerated its successors to exercise authority over the Western Provinces. Being the largest Empires in the world it was the kingdoms to have trade with military support. Its downfall destroyed the flourishing trade coordination of Western Europe.

The decline certain kingdom and attack from foreign invaders gave rise to certain crucial issues. The era saw population declination, the collapse of central authority, mass immigration and counter-urbanization. Although the era saw many demises but technological advancement and agricultural advancement also took place during the era.  

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Answer Details

Grade: High School

Subject: History

Chapter: Western Roman Empire

Keywords: Western Roman Empire, Renaissance, Age of Discovery, territories, successors, Western Provinces, Western Europe, population, declination, mass immigration, counter-urbanization

The correct answer is D. The Crusades contributed to the end of the Middle Ages by undermining the authority of European monarchies.

Changes in society and culture as a consequence of the Crusades reached the fourteenth century. The most important was the reduction of the power of the European kings, as a consequence of great peasant rebellions and also because these kings strove to control an undisciplined nobility. A technical advance that contributed to weakening the european kingdoms was the introduction of firearms, because with it it was possible to destroy the armor and the strengths of the warriors, who until then were invincible.

this isn't a question and if you're going to list things be kind and use commas.

according to my research (britannica and quizlet) the first settlements were along the huang river because it could give the crops more fertile soil that really it out. this was due to the yellow slit caused by floods of the river.