Oldest known city in sub-Saharan Africa served as a trading post on the Trans-Saharan trade routes
center of Islamic learning
conquered by Sunni Ali after a 7-month siege

Which West African city is described in this list?

answer; andrew jackson approved nullification by signing it into law,and john calhoun opposed it saying it was unconstitutional;

b. ensure mutual protection from communism.

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president thomas jefferson hoped that the embargo act of 1807 would the united states by demonstrating to britain and france their dependence on american goods, convincing them to respect american neutrality and stop impressing american seamen. instead, the act had a devastating effect on american trade.