In 1054 the rupture in the Church occurs, this is known as:

The resulting split divided the European Christian church into two major branches: the Western Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. This split is known as the Great Schism, or sometimes the “East-West Schism” or the “Schism of 1054

Explanation:

the authority to tax.

the correct answer is that she and her husband signed a farming contract with their former master. the land was divided into smaller plots with housing for sharecroppers. in this piece, the author is criticizing white extremists.