How does James Madison define a faction?

Many scandinavians immigrated to the united states as a result of the homestead act of 1862, which offered land to independent farmers. this is an example of a push factor, because turmoil in scandinavia encouraged people to leave. push factor, because a new opportunity encouraged people to come to the us. pull factor, because turmoil in scandinavia encouraged people to leave. pull factor, because a new opportunity encouraged people to come to the us.

Which fundamental right is protected in this excerpt ?

President reagan believed the spread of communism in latin america was directly due to? a.guerrilla fighters. b.contras. c.terrorists. d.leftists.