Some of the effects of early European contact in west africa​

The European traders brought new diseases to West Africa, for example. Smallpox and tuberculosis had a devastating impact on the populations of West Africa. ... Depopulation was not only caused by the arrival of new diseases. As the reference link notes, two-thirds of the people captured and sold into slavery were male.

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world war i began in 1914, after the assassination of archduke franz ferdinand, and lasted until 1918. during the conflict, germany, austria-hungary, bulgaria and the ottoman empire (the central powers) fought against great britain, france, russia, italy, romania, japan and the united states (the allied powers). to new military technologies and the horrors of trench warfare, world war i saw unprecedented levels of carnage and destruction. by the time the war was over and the allied powers claimed victory, more than 16 million people—soldiers and civilians alike—were dead.

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