What does Bolívar mean when he writes, "The veil has been torn asunder. We have already seen the light, and it is not our desire to be thrust back into darkness. The chains have been broken…"?

Simon Bolivar

Explanation:

Simon Bolivar led most of the independence campaigns in South America. The passage in the question is the statement of Bolivar how he sees the situation in South America after defeating Spanish rule. His help in getting victory first in his native country Venezuela where he was able to raise an army to fight for independence. Ecuador, Columbia, Bolivia, and Peru are some of the nations gained independence with Simon Bolivar's effort.

pepin the short[a] (german: pippin der kurze, french: pépin le bref, c. 714 – 24 september 768) was the king of the franks from 751 until his death. he was the first of the carolingians to become king.[b][2]

the younger son of the frankish prince charles martel and his wife rotrude, pepin's upbringing was distinguished by the ecclesiastical education he had received from the monks of st. denis. succeeding his father as the mayor of the palace in 741, pepin reigned over francia jointly with his elder brother carloman. pepin ruled in neustria, burgundy, and provence, while his brother carloman established himself in austrasia, alemannia and thuringia. the brothers were active in suppressing revolts led by the bavarians, aquitanians, saxons, and the alemanni in the early years of their reign. in 743, they ended the frankish interregnum by choosing childeric iii, who was to be the last merovingian monarch, as figurehead king of the franks.