___ replaced wood as the fuel used to smelt iron.

the awnser would be coal

Explanation:

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Coal! Charcoal was the traditional fuel, but the scarcity of wood, from which charcoal was made, combined with an increased demand for charcoal had raised its price significantly

the answer is b.

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the federalist party which advocated strong centralization dominated the united states government till 1800. so 1800 election transformed the power from one party to another party for the first time and was thus a turning point in american history. so jefferson called it "revolution of 1800".

explanation: