Read this passage:
And our only miserable consolation was that we believed that Auschwitz and Treblinka were closely guarded secrets; that the leaders of the free world did not know what was going on behind those (underlined:) black gates and barbed wire; that they had no knowledge of the war against the Jews that Hitler's armies and their accomplices waged as
part of the war against the Allies.
If they knew, we thought surely those leaders would have moved heaven and earth to intervene. They would have spoken out with great outrage and conviction. They would
have bombed the railways leading to Birkenau, just the railways, just once
Elie Wiesel, The Perils of Indifference, 1999 that type of appeal 15 Wesel making using the underlined words in the passage?
O A. Pathos
O B. Ethos
O C. Logos
O D. Rhetorical question

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the industrial development of cities in the ruhr area in the nineteenth century is described. the research was based on english and german language sources. several factors that shaped growth and paths of the cities were categorized and analyzed. they are locations, resources, traditions, entrepreneurs, and technological developments. locations and resources were the most important among them; other factors may be regarded as consequences from locations and resources. among the cities, bochum, essen, gelsenkirchen, and dortmund had the richest resources and most favorable locations in the transportation network and grew to be the largest cities in the ruhr area near the end of the nineteenth century. riverside location was also a favorable factor for the development, as shown in the development of duisburg on the confluence of rhine and ruhr. resource distribution can explain the rise of textile industry, metallurgical industry, and coal and iron industries, and the northward progression of the mining industry. tradition was an important factor for cities such as krefeld, barmen, elberfeld, solingen, and remscheid, which experienced development based on their traditions through the nineteenth century. various entrepreneurs exerted influences within and beyond the local level over the ruhr area. technological development stimulated the northward progression of the mining industry and the deep connection between the coal and the iron industries.

our current president donald trump