Hammurabi is best known for The Code of Hammurabi. This was one of the first codified or written law codes. It was written around 1754 BC. It was written on a large stone monument, and placed in a public place so that all could see it. Even though it was visible for all to see, few were literate enough to read the cuneiform writing. A carving at the top of the stele shows King Hammurabi receiving the laws from the god Shamash. The inscription states that King Hammurabi was chosen by the gods of his people to bring the laws to them. The Code of Hammurabi contained 282 laws. These laws were written by scribes on 12 tablets. The Code consists of rules and the punishments for if those rules were broken. The structure of the code is very detailed: each offense receiving aparticular punishment. Hammurabi’s law code set the standard for future codes because it dealt with the evidence of the crime. What decided one’s guilt or innocence was something called the Ordeal. During the Ordeal, the accused person was sentenced to perform a certain task such as being thrown into a river or swimming a certain distance across a river and, if they succeeded, they were innocent. If they did not survive the ordeal, they were considered guilty. Explain the historical context that led to the action taking place in the document one above.
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