Labor unions were formed in

I found 2 answers:

1. Unions began forming in the mid-19th century in response to the social and economic impact of the Industrial Revolution. National labor unions began to form in the post-Civil War Era.

2. The first Union was formed in Philidelphia.

Bye!

b toward the volcano.landward. the landward side of something is the side nearest to the land or facing the land, rather than the sea.