Who were the Muckrakers? writers who worked to reform aspects of society
legislators who wrote new laws to fix unjust problems
landlords who created unhealthy living conditions in tenements
business owners who established monopolies in their industries

roosevelt believed that in light of the country's recent military successes, it was unnecessary to use force to achieve foreign policy goals, so long as the military could threaten force. this belief, and his strategy of “speaking softly and carrying a big stick,” shaped much of roosevelt's foreign policy.