12. what was the political opinion of China's KMT party? a. supportive of a republic and critical of Emperor/Empress
b. supportive of the Emperor/Empress and critical of a republic
c. supportive of communism and critical of a republic
d. supportive of socialism and critical of the Emperor/Empress

D. Supportive of a republic and critical of the Emperor/Empress

Explanation:

For 2,000 years, China was ruled by an emperor or empress who held absolute power. However, as the twentieth century approached, the people of China grew increasingly frustrated with the empress. She had been unable to rid China of Western influence, and in 1911, the situation reached a breaking point. Under the leadership of a young man named Sun Yat-sen, the Chinese started a revolution. Sun Yat-sen had traveled and studied in the West, and he argued that China should develop into a more democratic republic. He created a political party called the Kuomintang (KMT), also known as the Nationalist Party.

Sun and the KMT overthrew the Chinese empress and ended the dynastic rule in China. Establishing a republic in China, however, proved to be more difficult. After Sun became president, he handed over power to a general. The general, Yuan Shikai, did not share Sun's vision for democracy. When the general died in 1916, civil war broke out in China. Ultimately, warlords and military leaders gained power and territory.

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